Collecting and conserving of plant GENETIC source is important in the world Collecting of different plant GENETIC RESOURCES, especially in wild relatives of crops is one of the most important duties in gene banks. There are some objectives for collection of GENETIC RESOURCES including long-term conservation and evaluation of GENETIC diversity. Diversity is the most important factor in the collection of plant GENETIC RESOURCES in order to their long-term conservation and utilization for breeding programs and agricultural development. The most essential collector duty is the identification GENETIC structure of collecting materials which is the most suitable definition for spices in one site. There are four main factors in the collection program: 1) sampling of about 50 populations in one geographical region, 2) sampling of 50 plants in each population, 3) random sampling in each site, 4) sampling of enough seeds or vegetative materials in each plant. Collection of materials for long-term conservation and evaluation of GENETIC diversity in the gene banks should be aimed of diverse population and gene pools. Priority in the collection programs favors under erosion species and populations. The collector should have complete knowledge about plant pollination and fertilization systems. The important factors for planning of collection of crop family and their wild relatives are: the most suitable date for collection, and targeted collecting region should have good climatic diversity, the choice of region for as many as different species and populations. The selection of collection site, distance between 2 sites, number of plants and seed per plant in each sample, systematic identification of materials, and recording of identification data are essential in the collection programs. GENETIC diversity of landraces in the especial site is essential in collection programs. Therefore, as far as farms are the possibility of GENETIC diversity in landraces is high.If the climatic conditions in the collection region and sea elevation of the site would be the same, the distance between two farms should be consider about 20-50Km. Collection of landraces may operate in one or two stages. The two stage collection is done when we are looking for unique genotypes. In some cases that seeds are very small, such as clover seeds, the sampling amounts should be larger so that the suitable diversity of samples is acquired. All in all, it is essential with respect to scientific points in the collection programs to acquire higher GENETIC diversities; GENETIC erosion should be avoided from, especially in cases that their seeds are low.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a multipurpose plant that is important as nutrition, medical, horticulture, landscape and environment. The plant has been cultivated since old Iran and Egypt which is mentioned in Bible and Quran. Origin of the plant is Iran and some neighbour countries, although it is cultivated in many countries, now a day.Botanically, it is classified in Punicaceae and has various varieties and cultivars those known as different names in the countries. Germplasm collections have developed in some countries that help GENETIC RESOURCES while germplasm evaluation has been studied by various methods, but determining distinct number of cultivars is not yet possible because of lacking close and distinct characteristics that are acceptable for scientists. In this review, therefore, origin, dispersion, collections and cultivars were investigated to introduce biodiversity and GENETIC RESOURCES of the plant.

Purpose: The purpose of this applied research is to study the effectiveness of gamification on corporate training.  Methodology: A gamified course was designed and implemented to train the location of Fire Hosing Cabinet for 24 employees of a firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental research plan (post-test only control group design) the participants of the study were randomly assigned to treatment (12) and control (12) groups and trained for a week.  Conclusion: The descriptive and interpretive result of the posttest analyses indicated the effectiveness of gamification of the training performed for the employees of the firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Moreover, the descriptive result of Gamification Acceptance Questionnaire answered by the members of the experimental group after gamified training indicated that all the participants in the experimental group were satisfied with the gamified training course.

GENETIC RESOURCES, as a fundamental component of biodiversity, play a critical role in the conservation and sustainable use of biological systems. Historically considered a common heritage, GENETIC RESOURCES were once freely accessible. However, ethical frameworks now recognize the sovereign rights of nations and communities over these RESOURCES. The Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) established the principle that countries have sovereign rights over their GENETIC RESOURCES. Ethical access requires prior informed consent, recognition of the rights of local and indigenous communities, and fair and equitable benefit-sharing from the commercial use of these RESOURCES. Users must respect the intellectual property rights of source countries and ensure that research results and technologies are accessible to developing nations. Moreover, access and use should not harm local ecosystems, cultural values, or future resource sustainability. The precautionary principle should guide the use of new technologies, and all access procedures—from permit applications to benefit-sharing agreements—must be transparent and open to public oversight

Extended Abstract Introduction: Oat, as a dual-purpose cereal, has an important role to provide human food and animal feed and fodder regarding to its high amounts of beta-glucan, protein, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids and valuable antioxidants. Oat breeding programs have been steadily decreasing compared to other cereals due to decrease in cultivated area. Therefore, identifying and studying sources of diversity in oats is critical and valuable regarding to release new cultivars with better quality and higher grain yield per unit area. Thus, this experiment was carried out with the aim of evaluating different GENETIC parameters and principal component analysis in order to determine the amount of GENETIC diversity in oat genotypes. Materials and methods: In this study, 361 oat genotypes of seven species belong to 50 countries from five continents which were received from Australian Grain Genebank (AGG) and kept in the genebank of the Campus of Agriculture and Natural RESOURCES, Razi University were investigated. Estimation of the GENETIC parameters related to plant height, panicle length, days to 50% flowering, days to 50% physiological maturity, biological yield, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index, thousand seed weight, number of seeds per panicle and number of panicle per square meter of the genotypes were performed. This experiment was conducted in a simple square lattice design with two replications under normal irrigation condition, in two cropping years 2017-2019 in the research farm of the Agriculture and Natural RESOURCES Campus, Razi University, Kermanshah. Results: Based on the results of the one-year variance analysis, there was a highly significant difference between genotypes regarding all the measured traits which indicates the presence of considerable GENETIC diversity between these genotypes. The results of mean comparison based on LSD method showed (NILE), (KENT), (LA PREVISION), (ZLATAK), SDO-185), OX87:080-2), (ACACIA), AND (DUNNART) genotypes had the highest grain yield for two years, while, Genotypes (LIGOWA), (NILE), (VENTURA), (YULAF), (NMO-712), (SDO-185), (VDO-931.1), (SLAVUGE), and (no.9278) had the highest mean for biomass in two cropping years. The results of the descriptive statistics showed the wide range of changes for the most of the investigated traits, as it was variable for grain yield from 56.30 to 789.81 g/m2 in the first year and from 39.59 to 627.28 g/m2 in the second year. Based on the results of correlation analysis, the most positive and significant phenotypic correlation was calculated between biological yield and straw yield in both years. The result of phenotypic and genotypic correlation also, showed a significant relationship between grain yield and all studied traits except plant height, panicle length, days to heading, and days to maturity in the first year. Also, it had a significant phenotypic correlation with all traits except plant height and straw yield in the second year. The traits of 1000- kernel weight, plant height, days to heading, and number of panicles per square meter had the highest GENETIC variance in both years. The range of general heritability in the first year was variable from 70.06 to 95.87%, respectively, for the traits of days to physiological maturity and 1000 seed weight, and in the second year, from 77.85 to 94.91% for biological yield and 1000 seed weight. Grain yield, biological yield, straw yield, number of panicles per square meter, and number of grains per panicle had a high percentage of heritability and GENETIC advance simultaneously. Based on the principal component analysis the first two main components explained 63.3 and 67.8 percent of the total changes in each year, respectively. Conclusion: The results of variance analysis of the data obtained from this study indicated the existence of significant GENETIC diversity among the evaluated genotypes in terms of all measured traits, which can be attributed to the existence of different species with different geographical origins. Comparing the average data, genotypes 336, 349, 356 and 360 were introduced as the genotypes with the highest average grain yield in both years. Based on the results of Principal Component Analysis and Correlations Analysis, it can be found that the attributes of the number of panicles per square meter, the number of grains per panicle, 1000-kernel weight, and biological performance are very effective in breeding programs to achieve superior varieties. The genotypes NILE, LA PREVISION, OX87:080-2 and DUNNART were the superior genotypes in terms of the mentioned traits and grain yield. The estimation of GENETIC parameters showed that the selection based on the number of panicles per plot, the number of grains per panicle, and plant height plays a significant role in improving grain yield because of having a high broad heritability and significant GENETIC advance at the same time. According to the results of this study, it is possible to separate the superior genotypes in terms of grain yield and biological yield, and perform subsequent tests for grain and fodder genotypes, separately. Also, valuable traits for easier access to this important issue in subsequent oat improvement programs could be identified.

Millets have short growth cycle, and tolerant to drought and salt conditions, so they are good candidate to produce fodder in marginal lands. There are many millet landraces in the country. Development and extension of new varieties and farms or changing in cropping patterns result to extinct local landraces. This study was conducted to collect of millets landraces all over the country. Totally, 140 accessions were collected consisted of 85 accessions of common millet, and 55 accessions of foxtail from 15 provinces. Geographical altitude of the collection sites differed from 820 to 1970 m. Some millet germplasms collected from high salty lands. Statistically, as well as correlation coefficients were calculated for 25 characteristics of the collection site and 10 seed traits. There were good levels of diversity for seed traits in 2 studied crops. Endosperm texture differed from completely waxy to completely starchy in the 2 species. Pearson correlation coefficients showed there was a positive significant correlation between geographical altitude and grain color (p<0.01, r= 0.583), in the fox tail millets. During this study the Iranian millet GENETIC RESOURCES increased to 90% of the first collection. Since there were high levels of GENETIC diversity for grain characters, it can be expected for other agro-morphological traits too, that makes the collection suitable for millet breeding.